The suggested solution provided is intended for guidance purposes and may not necessarily align with the answers and opinions of the students.
SECTION A
ANSWER OF Q-1
I. a
II. a
III. a
IV. a
V. a
VI. b
VII. d
VIII. d
IX. d
X. d
XI. a
XII. d
XIII. d
XIV. d
XV. d
XVI. b
XVII. b
XVIII. b
XIX. b
XX. b
SECTION - B
ANSWER OF Q-2
Title: "PAF Leads Multinational Air Exercise amid Global Tensions"
Pakistan Air Force (PAF) has inaugurated its 14 Nation Multinational Air Exercise, Indus Shield-2023, to strengthen international ties and airpower capabilities. Hosted at PAF's Airpower Centre of Excellence, the exercise features air contingents from 13 countries, including China, Turkiye, and Saudi Arabia. This exercise provides a platform for participating nations to showcase their skills and promote interoperability in the modern age. PAF, historically known for its valor in defending Pakistan's airspace, especially during conflicts with India, emphasizes the importance of human expertise over technology. Amid rising global tensions, including Russia's actions in Ukraine and China's approach towards Taiwan, such initiatives underscore the importance of collective defense efforts and interoperability.
(Note: Original text is an Editorial published in The Frontier Post dated 10-Oct-2023 with title : PAF vision and exercise Indus Shield)
ANSWER OF Q-3
1. The three major international institutions that forecast varying growth rates for Pakistan are the World Bank, Asian Development Bank (ADB), and International Monetary Fund (IMF). Their predictions for Pakistan's economic growth are 1.7 per cent, 1.9 per cent, and 3.5 per cent, respectively.
2. The Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) presented a range for real GDP growth in FY-24, projecting it to be between 2.0 to 3.0 per cent. This projection sits within the range of the international institutions but leans more conservatively compared to the IMF's higher projection of 3.5%.
3. The 6 per cent growth rate threshold is emphasized for Pakistan's economy because this is the minimum rate at which the country can effectively absorb the inflow of individuals entering the labor market. Furthermore, to address and reduce the exceptionally high unemployment rate, this growth rate would need to accelerate even further.
4. The specific internal event that severely impacted Pakistan's agricultural sector was the flash floods that engulfed significant agricultural land. This event not only caused a domestic supply shock but also jeopardized the nation's fiscal consolidation efforts during the ongoing covid-19 crisis.
5. The business confidence index in Pakistan reached an unprecedented low in the first quarter of FY24 due to a combination of factors: an elevated policy rate of 22 percent, the implementation of import restrictions, increased input costs, and the devaluation of the currency. These factors collectively dampened business activities and also influenced the decision-making of consumers and entrepreneurs regarding spending, savings, and investments.
ANSWER OF Q-4
1. The committee consisted of three members, each of whom had his or her own opinion.
2. She was very disappointed to find herself having to repeat the experiment all over again.
3. The manager, as well as the supervisors, were all at the meeting.
4. The scientist was able to prove his hypothesis, which was that the new drug was effective in treating the disease.
5. The book was written in a very clear and concise style, which made it easy to read.
6. The company's profits have increased steadily over the past few years, due in part to the success of its new product line.
7. The government is planning to introduce a new tax on sugary drinks, in an effort to reduce obesity rates.
8. The two countries have been at war for many years, with no end in sight.
ANSWER OF Q-5 (a)
My favorite subject in school is English. I love reading and writing, and I find the English language to be very beautiful and expressive. I enjoy learning about the history of the English language and the different ways in which it is used around the world. I also enjoy studying the different genres of English literature and analyzing the works of great authors such as Shakespeare, Dickens, and Austen. I believe that the study of English is important because it can help us to better understand ourselves and the world around us.
ANSWER OF Q-5 (b)
1. Despite her hard work, she couldn't pass the exam, which speaks volumes about the exam's difficulty.
2. The movie, which was full of action scenes, lacked depth in its storyline.
3. In response to the feedback, they are making adjustments to the project's scope.
4. He has an affinity for jazz music, which he developed during his college years.
5. The team is waiting for the manager's approval before proceeding to the next phase.
6. Despite the fact that he was late, he managed to catch up with the rest of the group.
7. This theory, while interesting, lacks evidence to support its claims about certain phenomena.
8. The artist draws inspiration from nature, reflecting in her vibrant paintings.
ANSWER OF Q-6
1. Aisle, Isle
- Aisle: A passage between rows of seats in buildings such as churches, theaters, or modes of transportation like airplanes.
Sentence: As she gracefully walked down the aisle during her wedding ceremony, everyone turned to admire her elegant dress.
- Isle: A piece of land surrounded by water; often refers to a small island.
Sentence: The picturesque isle, with its palm trees and shimmering beaches, was the ideal retreat for those seeking a serene vacation.
2. Allusion, Illusion
- Allusion: A subtle or indirect reference to something, often found in literature, art, or everyday conversations.
Sentence: The author's allusion to Shakespeare's works made the readers appreciate the depth and interconnectedness of literary traditions.
- Illusion: A false or misleading perception or belief.
Sentence: From a distance, the mirage created an illusion of a shimmering lake amidst the desert.
3. Bare, Bear
- Bare: Exposed without covering or concealment.
Sentence: The old tree stood bare, its branches stripped of leaves, providing a stark contrast against the snowy backdrop.
- Bear: A large mammal known for its strength and shaggy fur, or the act of holding or supporting.
Sentence: The mother bear fiercely protected her cubs from any potential threats in the dense forest.
4. Break, Brake
- Break: To fracture or separate into parts; to interrupt or disrupt.
Sentence: When he accidentally break his grandmother's antique vase, a wave of guilt washed over him.
- Brake: A device used for slowing or halting a moving vehicle or mechanism.
Sentence: As the deer darted across the road, the driver quickly pressed the brake, avoiding a potential accident.
5. Canvas, Canvass
- Canvas: A sturdy fabric used for making sails, tents, paintings, and other items.
Sentence: The artist, inspired by the sunset, eagerly spread her paints and began to depict the scene on a blank canvas.
- Canvass: To solicit votes, opinions, or sales, often by going from place to place.
Sentence: The young politician decided to canvass the entire district, hoping to understand the concerns of every constituent before the upcoming election.
6. Coarse, Course
- Coarse: Rough or crude in texture, nature, or manner.
Sentence: The coarse woolen sweater, while not very soft, provided ample warmth during the cold winter nights.
- Course: A route or direction followed, or a series of educational lessons.
Sentence: Determined to further his knowledge in astronomy, he enrolled in an advanced course at the local university.
7. Discreet, Discrete
- Discreet: Showing prudence and circumspection; being reserved or subtle.
Sentence: Understanding the sensitivity of the matter, she made a discreet inquiry, ensuring confidentiality.
- Discrete: Separate and distinct; non-continuous.
Sentence: The study categorized the data into several discrete groups, allowing for a more detailed analysis.
8. Dual, Duel
- Dual: Having two elements or parts.
Sentence: The scientist developed a dual purpose machine that could both purify water and generate electricity.
- Duel: A prearranged combat between two individuals, usually with weapons.
Sentence: In the historical novel, two knights engaged in a duel to settle their longstanding feud, with the entire village anxiously watching.
ANSWER OF Q-7
Pakistan is a developing country and its economy relies on agriculture, industry, and services. Wheat, rice, cotton, sugarcane, and pulses are cultivated in Pakistan. Industries in Pakistan include textile, engineering, chemical, and steel industries. The services sector in Pakistan includes banking, finance, insurance, information technology, and tourism.